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Archive for January 26th, 2010

Breastfeeding is the greatest gift a mother can give to her child. The nutritional benefits of mother’s milk give the child an excellent footing into life. Breastfeeding promotes bonding between the mother and the baby and helps satisfy the baby’s emotional needs. It decreases the mother’s risk of breast cancer and helps her lose much of her pregnancy fat. These are only some of the benefits of breastfeeding (there are as many as a hundred!). Breast reduction surgery seriously impacts milk production in women. However, this need not be so. Depending on the extent of the removal of breast tissues, milk production capacities can be regained over time.

Many factors influence the breasts’ ability to produce milk after breast reduction surgery. Two major factors are the condition of milk ducts and the state of the nerves in the breast. Presence of a sufficient number of intact ducts is critical for milk production. Intact nerves help milk to be released. However, depending on the extent of the breast reduction, both the duct system and the nervous system of the breast are damaged during breast reduction surgery. Fortunately, as part of its healing process, the breast can reconstitute its milk duct system and its nerves. These processes are known as re-canalization and re-innervation.

Re-canalization refers to the reconnection of severed ducts or development of new ducts. These can happen during breastfeeding (i.e. in response to lactation). Thus, the longer the mother breastfeeds her child, the greater the regeneration process will be. Re-canalization also occurs every month with the secretion of menstrual hormones that encourage the formation of some lactation tissue in the breast. Hence, the more menstrual cycles that pass between the surgery and the lactation, the more re-canalization would have occurred and the more milk will be produced.

Re-innervation is not influenced by lactation. It occurs at a fixed rate of 1 mm per month. As a general rule, when sensations to touch and temperature are regained, there is an indication that the nervous system is improving. The more time between the surgery and the lactation, the more chances of having a nervous system that will be sufficient to meet the baby’s needs.

Thus, the important issue if one wants to breastfeed one’s child after breast reduction surgery, is too allow sufficient time between the surgery and pregnancy so that the breast can regenerate itself. However, certain precautions can be taken before or during the surgery itself to maximize chances of adequate milk production at a later stage. It is important to inform the surgeon that you intend to breastfeed at a later stage in your life. The surgeon can thus evaluate the present number of milk ducts you possess (most women have between four and nine). If you possess many ducts, destroying a few won’t matter much in your future lactation. However, if you possess only a few, then it may seriously impact future lactation. You need to be informed of this so that you can take a decision on whether to have the surgery now or postpone it after pregnancy.

Wellbutrin, also known by its scientific name Bupropion, is a very popular antidepressant. It inhibits the reuptake of both dopamine and norepinephrine. If you have never used Wellbutrin before, you need to familiarize yourself with the drug interactions and the side effects associated with it.

Wellbutrin is metabolized by the liver. In lab experiments performed with rats, the drug was found to cause hepatocellular hypertrophy when administed in high doses (hypertrophy is an increase in the size of the cells). Common side effects include agitation, dizziness, hypertension, dry mouth, tremors, anxiety, loss of appetite, headache, excessive sweating, increased risk of seizure, and insomnia.

Although with the recommended dosing of the drug the probability that a seizure will occur is extremely small, patients using it should still be screened for any health factors that could contribute to or increase the likelihood of a seizure. A doctor may also review other prescriptions the patient might be taking and recommend an appropriate dosage based on that information.

Also, suicidal thoughts and attempts have been reported in children and adolescents. Bupropion has been shown to increase the incidence of suicidal thoughts amongst children and adolescents. When treating major depression in this group of patients, clinical benefits should be weighed carefully against the potential hazards. Usually, Bupropion is not intended for patients under the age of 18.

Another potential side effect is an improvement in sexual function. Bupropion, unlike serotonin reuptake inhibitors such as Prozac, does not appear to reduce the libido of the patient, and more frequently enhances sexual desire. Patients who complain of an impairment in their sex drive as a result of their SSRI have sometimes been prescribed small doses of Wellbutrin to correct it.

One controversy associated with Bupropion is its propensity to lower the seizure threshold. In combination with other medicines, it has been suspected to cause seizures in some patients who have never had a seizure before.[12] While this is not common, an increase in the number of such cases around the globe probably merits further discussion and investigation.

It is not uncommon for patients to receive treatment with other antidepressant prescriptions in combination with Wellbutrin. For this reason, a doctor should be careful when prescribing it with other medications prone to lowering the seizure threshold. Bupropion has also been known to produce seizures in combination with non-illegal drugs such as cocaine and recreational drugs such as alcohol.

I hope you have found this information helpful. Be sure to disclose to your physician any other drugs you might be taking before requesting a prescrtiption for Wellbutrin. Although some of the side effects and drug interactions we have covered are rare, they can happen unexpectedly to even the most healthy individuals.

Jim Pretin is the owner of http://www.forms4free.com, a service that helps programmers make an HTML form